Nobody knew how to get rid of Communism. [79] These visits reinforced this message and contributed to the collapse of East European Communism that took place between 1989/1990 with the reintroduction of democracy in Poland, and which then spread through Eastern Europe (1990–1991) and South-Eastern Europe (1990–1992). Had the Pope chosen to turn his soft power into the hard variety, the regime might have been drowned in blood. [98][99] John Paul II's earliest official visits were to the Dominican Republic and Mexico in January 1979. Piazza della Madonna 1 - 60025 Loreto (AN) [341][342] They now require dioceses faced with an allegation to alert the authorities, conduct an investigation and remove the accused from duty. [211] The Pope spoke to leaders of the All-Ukrainian Council of Churches and Religious Organisations, pleading for "open, tolerant and honest dialogue". [14] On 11 September 2014, Pope Francis added these two optional memorials to the worldwide General Roman Calendar of saints. [243], Ağca was caught and restrained by a nun and other bystanders until police arrived. In the words of Joaquín Navarro-Valls, John Paul II's press secretary: The single fact of John Paul II's election in 1978 changed everything. [250] Fernández y Krohn subsequently left the priesthood and served three years of a six-year sentence. "Thomistic Personalism." In 1998, he issued We Remember: A Reflection on the Shoah, which outlined his thinking on the Holocaust. There had been rumors that the new pope wished to be known as Pope Stanislaus in honor of the Polish saint of the name, but was convinced by the cardinals that it was not a Roman name. It is this religious sentiment that animates you and one can say that animates all of your compatriots. [259][279][280][281] Between 250,000 and 300,000 watched the event from within the Vatican's walls.[280]. He was then summoned to Warsaw to meet the Primate of Poland, Weigel, George. Bishop Carlos Camus, one of the harshest critics of Pinochet's dictatorship within the Chilean Church, praised John Paul II's stance during the papal visit: "I am quite moved, because our pastor supports us totally. On 11 December 1983, John Paul II participated in an ecumenical service in the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Rome,[234] the first papal visit ever to a Lutheran church. [89][90] The pope, in tribute to his immediate predecessor, then took the regnal name of John Paul II,[55][87] also in honor of the late Pope Paul VI, and the traditional white smoke informed the crowd gathered in St. Peter's Square that a pope had been chosen. And he was accused repeatedly of taking a soft hand with them, especially in the case of Marcial Maciel, founder of the Legion of Christ. This is the only way to dissipate the threats of ethnocentrism that are hovering over Africa these days and that have so brutally touched Rwanda and Burundi. He bluntly criticised the poverty of the country, directly addressing Baby Doc and his wife, Michèle Bennett in front of a large crowd of Haitians: Yours is a beautiful country, rich in human resources, but Christians cannot be unaware of the injustice, the excessive inequality, the degradation of the quality of life, the misery, the hunger, the fear suffered by the majority of the people. [100] The pope's desire for a reference to Europe's Christian identity in the Constitution was supported by non-Catholic representatives of the Church of England and Eastern Orthodox Churches from Russia, Romania, and Greece. In the stormy history of relations between Roman popes and Jews in the ghetto in which they were closed for over three centuries in humiliating circumstances, John Paul II is a bright figure in his uniqueness. [38] Soon after, he began courses in the clandestine underground seminary run by the Archbishop of Kraków, Adam Stefan Cardinal Sapieha. These cookies do not store any personal information. Stefan Cardinal Wyszyński, who informed him of his appointment. In 1967, he was instrumental in formulating the encyclical Humanae vitae, which dealt with the same issues that forbid abortion and artificial birth control.[55][79][80]. [67] In 1961, he coined "Thomistic Personalism" to describe Aquinas's philosophy. He declared the publication to be "a sure norm for teaching the faith … a sure and authentic reference text for teaching Catholic doctrine and particularly for preparing local catechisms". Berger's biological Jewish parents died during the Holocaust, and after the war Berger's new Christian parents asked Karol Wojtyła, the future Pope John Paul II, to baptise the boy. [82][84] Wojtyła enjoyed his holiday in Pomfret, Vermont kayaking and enjoying the outdoors, as he had done in his beloved Poland. [203] During an audience in 2000, John Paul II and Karekin II, by then the Catholicos of All Armenians, issued a joint statement condemning the Armenian genocide. Ambra Rayban Youtube Oro Style. (1995). In 1985, the pope visited the African country of Togo, where 60 per cent of the population espouses animist beliefs. [106] He was the first Catholic pope to visit and pray in an Islamic mosque, in Damascus, Syria, in 2001. On 18 October 1990, when promulgating the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches, John Paul II stated, By the publication of this Code, the canonical ordering of the whole Church is thus at length completed, following as it does...the "Apostolic Constitution on the Roman Curia" of 1988, which is added to both Codes as the primary instrument of the Roman Pontiff for 'the communion that binds together, as it were, the whole Church'[162]. [396], Karol Wojtyła was a Cracovia football team supporter (club retired number 1 in his honour). "[220], In 1995, Pope John Paul II held a meeting with 21 Jains, organised by the Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue. "[37], After his father's death, he started thinking seriously about the priesthood. [211] John Paul II said that an end to the Great Schism was one of his fondest wishes. War, life under Communism, and his pastoral responsibilities all fed his poetry and plays. I PAPABOYS CON IL SERMIG DA PAPA BENEDETTO XVI: 7.000 GIOVANI DELLA PACE! Besides, I'm a married woman. Weigel, George. These issues included demanding a return to the Tridentine Mass[365] and repudiation of the reforms instituted after the Second Vatican Council, such as the use of the vernacular language in the formerly Latin Roman Rite Mass, ecumenism, and the principle of religious liberty. He helped establish Our Lady of the Atonement Catholic Church, together with Archbishop Patrick Flores of San Antonio, Texas, as the inaugural parish for the Anglican Use liturgy.[199]. On 20 November 2001, from a laptop in the Vatican, Pope John Paul II sent his first e-mail apologising for the Catholic sex abuse cases, the Church-backed "Stolen Generations" of Aboriginal children in Australia, and to China for the behaviour of Catholic missionaries in colonial times.[261]. He upheld the Church's teachings on such matters as the right to life, artificial contraception, the ordination of women, and a celibate clergy, and although he supported the reforms of the Second Vatican Council, he was seen as generally conservative in their interpretation. [79][119] He coined the term "social mortgage", which related that all private property had a social dimension, namely, that "the goods of this are originally meant for all. Scholars of canon law say that there is no official process for declaring a pope "Great"; the title simply establishes itself through popular and continued usage,[259][288][289] as was the case with celebrated secular leaders (for example, Alexander III of Macedon became popularly known as Alexander the Great). You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. The Jain leaders were impressed with the pope's "transparency and simplicity", and the meeting received much attention in the Gujarat state in western India, home to many Jains. When he became pope in 1978 at the age of 58, John Paul II was an avid sportsman. [26] His elder sister Olga had died before his birth, but he was close to his brother Edmund, nicknamed Mundek, who was 13 years his senior. [202], John Paul II had good relations with the Armenian Apostolic Church. "[194], In 1983 Poland's Communist government unsuccessfully tried to humiliate John Paul II by falsely saying he had fathered an illegitimate child. [323][324], In July 2012, a Colombian man, Marco Fidel Rojas, the former mayor of Huila, Colombia, testified that he was "miraculously cured" of Parkinson's disease after a trip to Rome where he met John Paul II and prayed with him. The regime cowered. An Opus Dei spokesman said that "the influence of Opus Dei in the Vatican has been exaggerated". John Paul II's testament, published on 7 April 2005,[277] revealed that the pontiff contemplated being buried in his native Poland but left the final decision to The College of Cardinals, which in passing, preferred burial beneath St. Peter's Basilica, honouring the pontiff's request to be placed "in bare earth". Filmato COMPLETO del rito della traslazione del corpo di papa Giovanni Paolo II Karol Wojtyla. John Paul II apologised to many groups that had suffered at the hands of the Catholic Church through the years. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. He was encouraged by John Paul II to maintain episcopal unity as a top priority. He said: What is happening in your countries is a terrible tragedy that must end. Renato Buzzonetti. As Monsignor Oder said, this course would have been possible if the second decree were signed in time by Benedict XVI, stating that a posthumous miracle directly attributable to his intercession had occurred, completing the positio. [204] In September 2001, John Paul II went on a three-day pilgrimage to Armenia to take part in an ecumenical celebration with Karekin II in the newly consecrated St. Gregory the Illuminator Cathedral in Yerevan. [55] Wojtyła and the Polish bishops contributed a draft text to the Council for Gaudium et spes. In fact, the Council did not advocate "progressive" changes in these areas; for example, they still condemned abortion as an unspeakable crime. Wojtyła published his work under two pseudonyms—Andrzej Jawień and Stanisław Andrzej Gruda[32][69]—to distinguish his literary from his religious writings (under his own name), and also so that his literary works would be considered on their merits. John Paul II was canonised on 27 April 2014 (again Divine Mercy Sunday), together with Pope John XXIII. [308][314][315] A nine-year-old Polish boy from Gdańsk, who was suffering from kidney cancer and was completely unable to walk, had been visiting the tomb with his parents. While not neglecting to comment on homosexuality and moral order, the letter issued multiple affirmations of the dignity of homosexual persons. HarperCollins. Total attendance at these signature events of the pontificate was in the tens of millions. He taught ethics at Jagiellonian University and subsequently at the Catholic University of Lublin. [198], In 1980, John Paul II issued a Pastoral Provision allowing married former Episcopal priests to become Catholic priests, and for the acceptance of former Episcopal Church parishes into the Catholic Church. [92][282][283][284] Cardinal Angelo Sodano specifically referred to John Paul as "the Great" in his published written homily for the pope's funeral Mass of Repose. In Poland, everything began. [179], John Paul II spoke in French and occasionally in Creole, and in the homily outlined the basic human rights that most Haitians lacked: "the opportunity to eat enough, to be cared for when ill, to find housing, to study, to overcome illiteracy, to find worthwhile and properly paid work; all that provides a truly human life for men and women, for young and old." "Cause for Beatification and Canonization of The Servant of God: "Child 'Able to Walk Again' After Praying at Pope's Tomb", "CNS STORY: For Pope John Paul II, Beatification Process may be on Final Lap", "Pope John Paul II's Sainthood on Fast Track—The World Newser", "Beatification Looms Closer for John Paul II", "Pope Benedict Paves Way to Beatification of John Paul II", "Gold Coin Marks Beatification of John Paul II", "Pope John Paul II's Body Exhumed ahead of Beatification Mass", "Visiting the Tomb of John Paul II in St Peter´s Basilica in the Vatican", "Pope Innocent XI's remains make way for John Paul II", "Healing of Colombian man could pave way for John Paul II canonization", "New Pope John Paul II sculpture unveiled in Warsaw", "Relic holding Pope John Paul II's blood stolen from Italian cathedral", "John Paul II's 2nd miracle approved—report", "John Paul set for sainthood after second miracle okayed", "Costa Rican Woman Describes John Paul Miracle Cure", "Italian media report progress in Blessed John Paul's sainthood cause", "Popes John Paul II, John XXIII to be made saints: Vatican", "Francis to Canonise John XXIII and John Paul II on Same Day", "Date set for Popes John Paul II and John XXIII sainthood", "Canonization of predecessors provides another boost for Pope Francis", "Catholic Church to Ease Ban on Condom Use", "Clergy sex abuse victims decry sainthood for Pope John Paul II", "Charter for the Protection of Children and Young People", "Instruction Concerning the Criteria for the Discernment of Vocations with regard to Persons with Homosexual Tendencies in view of their Admission to the Seminary and to Holy Orders", "Report says Clergy Sexual Abuse Brought 'Smoke of Satan' into Church", "Scandals in the church: The Bishops' Decisions; The Bishops' Charter for the Protection of Children and Young People", "Pope Calls for Continuous Prayer to Rid Priesthood of Paedophilia", "The Shame of John Paul II: How the Sex Abuse Scandal Stained His Papacy", "Europe | Polish archbishop 'molested students, "Ultimatum arcybiskupa Gądeckiego: Ja albo Paetz", "Whispers in the Loggia: Parting Gift … or Papal Gaffe? [42] Wojtyła also helped a 14-year-old Jewish refugee girl named Edith Zierer,[43] who had escaped from a Nazi labour camp in Częstochowa. He was the first reigning pope to travel to the United Kingdom, in 1982, where he met Queen Elizabeth II, the Supreme Governor of the Church of England. [205]. "[376], John Paul endorsed Pío Cardinal Laghi, who critics say supported the "Dirty War" in Argentina and was on friendly terms with the Argentine generals of the military dictatorship, playing regular tennis matches with Navy’s representative in the junta, Admiral Emilio Eduardo Massera. [377][378][379][380], In 1988, when Pope John Paul II was delivering a speech to the European Parliament, Ian Paisley, the leader of the Democratic Unionist Party and Moderator of the Free Presbyterian Church of Ulster, shouted "I denounce you as the Antichrist! [298][305][311] On the fourth anniversary of Pope John Paul's death, 2 April 2009, Cardinal Dziwisz, told reporters of a presumed miracle that had recently occurred at the former pope's tomb in St. Peter's Basilica. [167] It is the codification of the common portions of the Canon Law for the 23 of the 24 sui iuris churches in the Catholic Church that are the Eastern Catholic Churches. For instance, he hugged and kissed Carmen Gloria Quintana, a young student who had been nearly burned to death by Chilean police and told her that "We must pray for peace and justice in Chile. ", "Key findings in Vatican report into ex-Cardinal McCarrick", "The McCarrick Report and Pope John Paul II: Confronting a saint's tarnished legacy", "Text of the accusation letter directed to John Paul II", "Plea to Pope from 'God's banker' Revealed as Murder Trial Begins", "BBC on This Day | 1982: 'God's Banker' Found Hanged", "Criticizing John Paul II : Yet Another Thing The Mainstream Press Does Not Understand About The Catholic Church", "Address to the Representatives of the Christian Churches and Ecclesial Communities and of the World Religions", "Address to the Representatives of the other Christian Churches and Ecclesial Communities", "India: Hindu Extremists Against Grants to Missionaries", "Mother Teresa's Hidden Mission in India: Conversion to Christianity", "The Death of the Pope: Analysis of Pope John Paul II's reign", "Pope avoids confrontation with Pinochet", "Argentine military dictator confirms Catholic Church hierarchy was well aware of the "disappeared, "Former Argentinian dictator says he told Catholic Church of disappeared", "Ian Paisley dies: How Paisley made his point", "Historical Documents Reveal Former Pope's Plans", "Free Presbyterian Church—Dr. [358][359] Other movements and religious organisations of the Church went decidedly under his wing Legion of Christ, the Neocatechumenal Way, Schoenstatt, the charismatic movement, etc. Jonathan Toborowsky.
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